Trajecto User Profile Module
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Trajecto User Profile Module

Release: 2025-01-27

Modified on: 2026-10-01
This version:
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user/1.1.0
Latest version:
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
Previous version:
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user/1.0
Revision:
1.1.0
Issued on:
2026-10-01
Authors:
Sotirios Angelis, University of the Aegean
Konstantinos Kotis, University of the Aegean
Publisher:
i-Lab, Department of Cultural Technology and Communication, University of the Aegean
Source:
https://github.com/sotirisAng/trajecto-stakg/blob/main/ontology/modules/user.ttl
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ License
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Cite as:
Angelis, S. (2026). Semantic Trajectory Analytics and Recommender Systems: Engineering Semantic Trajectories as Knowledge Graphs. Doctoral dissertation, University of the Aegean.
Provenance of this page
Ontology Specification

Abstract

User profiles learned from trajectories: a UserProfile per person, a chain of timestamped ProfileSnapshots updated by an exponentially weighted moving average, POI category, dwell and time preferences, visit styles, and the preferences inferred by the semantic rules.

Introduction back to ToC

Source: https://github.com/sotirisAng/trajecto-stakg/blob/main/ontology/modules/user.ttl. The whole ontology is documented from http://w3id.org/trajecto (the core module), which imports every module.

Namespace declarations

Table 1: Namespaces used in the document
datacron<http://www.datacron-project.eu/datAcron#>
dcterms<http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
owl<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
rdf<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
rdfs<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
trajecto<http://w3id.org/trajecto#>
user<http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#>
vann<http://purl.org/vocab/vann/>
xml<http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
xsd<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

trajecto-user: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Named Individuals

trajecto-user: Description back to ToC

User profiles learned from trajectories: a UserProfile per person, a chain of timestamped ProfileSnapshots updated by an exponentially weighted moving average, POI category, dwell and time preferences, visit styles, and the preferences inferred by the semantic rules.

Cross-reference for trajecto-user classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by trajecto-user.

Classes

Casual Stylec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#CasualStyle

A preference for unhurried, casual visits.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preferred Style c
has members
Casual Visit Style ni

Dwell Preferencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#DwellPreference

A preference for how long to stay at POIs.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preference c
has sub-classes
Long Dwell c, Medium Dwell c, Short Dwell c, Variable Dwell c
is in range of
has dwell preference op

Exploratory Stylec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#ExploratoryStyle

A preference for visits that cover many POIs.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preferred Style c
has members
Exploratory Visit Style ni

Immersive Stylec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#ImmersiveStyle

A preference for long, absorbed visits to few POIs.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preferred Style c
has members
Immersive Visit Style ni

Long Dwellc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#LongDwell

Preference for extended visits (>45 minutes)
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Dwell Preference c
has members
Long Dwell Preference ni

Medium Dwellc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#MediumDwell

Preference for moderate visits (15-45 minutes)
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Dwell Preference c
has members
Medium Dwell Preference ni

POI Category Preferencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#PoiCategoryPreference

Preference for specific POI categories
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preference c
is in domain of
observation count dp, prefers POI category op

PreferedStyle (deprecated)c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#PreferedStyle

Deprecated since 1.1.0: renamed to PreferredStyle.
Is deprecated
true
is equivalent to
Preferred Style c

Preferencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#Preference

A preference of a user. Specialized as POI category, dwell, time and visit-style preferences.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has sub-classes
Dwell Preference c, POI Category Preference c, Preferred Style c, Time Preference c
is in domain of
confidence level dp, for category op, immersive fraction dp, meaningful fraction dp, preference score dp, total visits dp
is in range of
has inferred preference op, has preference op, has preferences op

Preferred Stylec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#PreferredStyle

The visit style a user prefers: casual, exploratory, immersive or targeted.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preference c
has sub-classes
Casual Style c, Exploratory Style c, Immersive Style c, Targeted Style c
is in range of
has visit style op

Profile Snapshotc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#ProfileSnapshot

The state of a user profile after a trajectory. Each snapshot updates the previous one by an exponentially weighted moving average of the preferences the trajectory shows.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
is in domain of
has preferences op, initial preferences dp, learning rate dp, update timestamp dp
is in range of
generated snapshot op, has snapshot op

Short Dwellc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#ShortDwell

Preference for brief visits (<15 minutes)
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Dwell Preference c
has members
Short Dwell Preference ni

Targeted Stylec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#TargetedStyle

A preference for direct visits to one or two POIs.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preferred Style c
has members
Targeted Visit Style ni

Time Preferencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#TimePreference

Preference for visit times
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Preference c
is in range of
has time preference op

User Profilec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#UserProfile

The learned profile of a person: preferences over POI categories, dwell, time and visit style, kept as a chain of timestamped snapshots.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
is in domain of
considers trajectory op, has dwell preference op, has interest dp, has preference op, has snapshot op, has time preference op, has trajectory op, has visit style op, interest level dp, last updated dp, learning rate dp, profile created dp
is in range of
belongs to user op, has profile op

Variable Dwellc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#VariableDwell

No specific dwell time preference
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has super-classes
Dwell Preference c
has members
Variable Dwell Preference ni

Object Properties

belongs to userop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#belongsToUser

Associates a trajectory with its user profile
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Trajectory c
has range
User Profile c
is inverse of
has trajectory op

considers trajectoryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#considersTrajectory

Relates a user profile to a trajectory taken into account when learning it.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Trajectory c

for categoryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#forCategory

The POI class an inferred preference refers to. The value is a class of the POI module used as an individual.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Preference c

generated snapshotop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#generatedSnapshot

Relates a trajectory to the profile snapshot its update produced.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Trajectory c
has range
Profile Snapshot c

has affinity forop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasAffinityFor

A person has a strong inferred preference for a POI class. The value is a class of the POI module used as an individual.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Person c

has dwell preferenceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasDwellPreference

Relates a user profile to its dwell preference.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Dwell Preference c

has inferred preferenceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasInferredPreference

Relates a person to a category preference inferred from all of their trajectories.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Person c
has range
Preference c

has preferenceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasPreference

Relates a user profile directly to a category preference, without a chain of snapshots.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Preference c

has preferencesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasPreferences

Relates a profile snapshot to a POI category preference it holds.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Profile Snapshot c
has range
Preference c

has profileop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasProfile

Relates a person to their user profile.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Person c
has range
User Profile c

has snapshotop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasSnapshot

Relates a user profile to one of its snapshots.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Profile Snapshot c

has time preferenceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasTimePreference

Relates a user profile to its time preference.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Time Preference c

has trajectoryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasTrajectory

Links a user profile to their trajectories
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Trajectory c
is inverse of
belongs to user op

has visit styleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasVisitStyle

Relates a user profile to its preferred visit style.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
Preferred Style c

prefers POI categoryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#prefersPoiCategory

The POI class that a POI category preference scores. The value is a class of the POI module used as an individual.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
POI Category Preference c

Data Properties

alignment scoredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#alignmentScore

How well trajectory aligns with user preferences
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has range
float

confidence leveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#confidenceLevel

Confidence in the preference prediction (0.0 to 1.0)
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Preference c
has range
float

has interestdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#hasInterest

A free-text interest keyword of a user profile.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
string

immersive fractiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#immersiveFraction

Share of the interactions with the category that are immersive.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Preference c
has range
float

initial preferencesdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#initialPreferences

True for the initial snapshot of a user profile, created before any trajectory updates it.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Profile Snapshot c
has range
boolean

interest leveldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#interestLevel

Interest level from 0.0 to 1.0
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
float

last updateddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#lastUpdated

When the user profile was last updated.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
date Time

learning ratedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#learningRate

Smoothing factor alpha of the EWMA preference update (0.15).
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Profile Snapshot c or User Profile c
has range
float

meaningful fractiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#meaningfulFraction

Share of the interactions with the category that are meaningful.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Preference c
has range
float

observation countdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#observationCount

Number of interactions with the category that a POI category preference has accumulated.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
POI Category Preference c
has range
integer

preference scoredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#preferenceScore

Score from 0.0 to 1.0 indicating preference strength
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Preference c
has range
float

profile createddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#profileCreated

When the user profile was created.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
User Profile c
has range
date Time

total visitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#totalVisits

Number of interactions with the category.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Preference c
has range
integer

update timestampdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#updateTimestamp

The time a profile snapshot refers to: the end of the trajectory that produced it.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has domain
Profile Snapshot c
has range
date Time

Named Individuals

Business Traveler Personani back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#businessTravelerPersona

Example persona: short, targeted visits to restaurants and transport.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has facts
has dwell preference op Short Dwell Preference ni
has visit style op Targeted Visit Style ni
has interest dp "efficiency"
has interest dp "restaurants"
has interest dp "transport"

Casual Visit Styleni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#casualStyle

The casual visit style.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Casual Style c

Cultural Enthusiast Personani back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#culturalEnthusiastPersona

Example persona: long, immersive visits to museums, galleries and heritage.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has facts
has dwell preference op Long Dwell Preference ni
has visit style op Immersive Visit Style ni
has interest dp "galleries"
has interest dp "heritage"
has interest dp "museums"

Exploratory Visit Styleni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#exploratoryStyle

The exploratory visit style.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Exploratory Style c

Immersive Visit Styleni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#immersiveStyle

The immersive visit style.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Immersive Style c

Leisure Visitor Personani back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#leisureVisitorPersona

Example persona: casual visits of variable length for dining, shopping and entertainment.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has facts
has dwell preference op Variable Dwell Preference ni
has visit style op Casual Visit Style ni
has interest dp "dining"
has interest dp "entertainment"
has interest dp "shopping"

Long Dwell Preferenceni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#longDwellPref

A preference for long dwell (over 45 minutes).
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Long Dwell c

Medium Dwell Preferenceni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#mediumDwellPref

A preference for medium dwell (15 to 45 minutes).
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Medium Dwell c

Short Dwell Preferenceni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#shortDwellPref

A preference for short dwell (under 15 minutes).
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Short Dwell c

Targeted Visit Styleni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#targetedStyle

The targeted visit style.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Targeted Style c

Tourist Explorer Personani back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#touristExplorerPersona

Example persona: exploratory visits of medium length to landmarks.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
has facts
has dwell preference op Medium Dwell Preference ni
has visit style op Exploratory Visit Style ni
has interest dp "culture"
has interest dp "history"
has interest dp "landmarks"

Variable Dwell Preferenceni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/trajecto/user#variableDwellPref

No particular dwell preference.
Is defined by
http://w3id.org/trajecto/user
belongs to
Variable Dwell c

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties
ni: Named Individuals

References back to ToC

  • S. Angelis. Semantic Trajectory Analytics and Recommender Systems: Engineering Semantic Trajectories as Knowledge Graphs. Doctoral dissertation, University of the Aegean, 2026.
  • G. M. Santipantakis, G. A. Vouros, A. Glenis, C. Doulkeridis, A. Vlachou. The datAcron Ontology for Semantic Trajectories. ESWC 2017 Satellite Events, LNCS 10577, pp. 26-30, Springer, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70407-4_6
  • A. Gangemi, N. Guarino, C. Masolo, A. Oltramari, L. Schneider. Sweetening Ontologies with DOLCE. EKAW 2002, LNCS 2473, pp. 166-181, Springer, 2002. doi:10.1007/3-540-45810-7_18
  • D. Doumanas, G. Bouchouras, A. Soularidis, K. Kotis, G. Vouros. From Human- to LLM-Centered Collaborative Ontology Engineering. Applied Ontology, 2024. doi:10.1177/15705838241305067

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.